Msonkhano wa United Nations pa Zamalonda ndi Zachitukuko (UNCTAD) wapempha kutumiza kwapadziko lonse lapansi ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kuti akonzekere mavuto amtsogolo.UNCTAD ikulimbikitsanso madoko, ma zombo ndi maulumikizidwe aku hinterland kuti asinthe kukhala mphamvu ya carbon low.

Malinga ndi buku lodziwika bwino la UNCTAD, 'Maritime Transport in Review 2022′, vuto lakatundu wazaka ziwiri zapitazi lawonetsa kusagwirizana pakati pa kupezeka ndi kufunikira kwa kayendedwe ka panyanja komwe kumabweretsa kukwera kwamitengo, kusokonekera komanso kusokoneza kwakukulu pamaketani amtengo wapatali padziko lonse lapansi.

Ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti zombo zimanyamula katundu wopitilira 80% padziko lapansi, komanso gawo lalikulu kwambiri m'maiko ambiri omwe akutukuka kumene, pakufunika kulimbikitsa kulimba mtima kuzinthu zomwe zimasokoneza ma chain chain, kukwera kwamafuta, komanso kukhudza miyoyo ya anthu. osauka kwambiri.lofalitsidwa mu lipoti la bukhuli.

Kupezeka kwazinthu zolimba komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe ogula amagula komanso ma e-commerce akuyendetsa mitengo yonyamula katundu kuwirikiza kasanu zomwe zidachitika kale mu 2021 ndikufikira pachimake koyambirira kwa 2022, ndikukweza mitengo ya ogula kwambiri.Mitengo yatsika kuyambira pakati pa 2022, koma imakhalabe yokwera pama tanka amafuta ndi gasi chifukwa chazovuta zamphamvu zomwe zikuchitika.

UNCTAD ikuyitanitsa mayiko kuti aunike mosamalitsa kusintha komwe kungachitike pakufunidwa kwa zombo ndikukulitsa ndikukweza zida zamadoko ndi kulumikizana kwa hinterland, pomwe akugwira ntchito zabizinesi.Ayeneranso kupititsa patsogolo kulumikizidwa kwa madoko, kukulitsa malo osungiramo zinthu ndi malo osungiramo katundu ndi kuchuluka kwake, ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwa ntchito ndi zida, malinga ndi lipotilo.

Lipoti la UNCTAD likuwonetsanso kuti kusokonekera kwazinthu zambiri kumatha kuchepetsedwa kudzera pakuwongolera malonda, makamaka kudzera mu digito, zomwe zimachepetsa nthawi yodikirira ndi chilolezo pamadoko ndikufulumizitsa kukonza zikalata kudzera pazikalata zamagetsi ndi zolipira.

Kukwera kwamitengo yobwereketsa, kusakhazikika bwino kwachuma komanso kusatsimikizika kwa kayendetsedwe kazachuma zidzalepheretsa kuyika ndalama m'zombo zatsopano zomwe zimachepetsa mpweya wotenthetsa mpweya, lipotilo linatero. lipoti linanena.

UNCTAD ikulimbikitsa mayiko padziko lonse lapansi kuti awonetsetse kuti mayiko omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa nyengo komanso omwe sakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zomwe amayambitsa sakukhudzidwa ndi zoyesayesa zochepetsera kusintha kwanyengo pamayendedwe apanyanja.

Kuphatikizika kopingasa kudzera m'magulu ophatikiza ndi kugula kwasintha kwambiri makampani otumizira zinthu.Makampani otumiza katundu akutsatanso kuphatikizika koyima poika ndalama m'ma terminal ndi ntchito zina zogulitsira.Kuchokera mu 1996 mpaka 2022, gawo la zonyamula 20 zapamwamba zomwe zili mumtsuko ukuwonjezeka kuchoka pa 48% mpaka 91%.Pazaka zisanu zapitazi, oyendetsa anayi akuluakulu adawonjezera gawo lawo la msika, kulamulira oposa theka la mphamvu zotumizira padziko lonse lapansi, lipotilo linatero.

UNCTAD ikuyitanitsa mpikisano ndi akuluakulu a madoko kuti agwire ntchito limodzi kuti athetse kugwirizanitsa makampani pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera mpikisano.Lipotilo limalimbikitsa mgwirizano waukulu wa mayiko kuti athetse khalidwe lotsutsana ndi malire pamayendedwe apanyanja, mogwirizana ndi malamulo ndi mfundo za mpikisano wa United Nations.